Pediatric Maintenance Fluid Calculator
Calculate daily and hourly maintenance fluid rates for children using the Holliday-Segar (4/2/1) method.
Total Daily Fluid (mL/day): -
Hourly Rate (mL/hr): -
Use this Maintenance Fluid Calculator calculator for quick, clear estimates. Try a tiny example to see the impact of each input.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What are maintenance fluids?
Maintenance fluids are intravenous fluids administered to patients who are unable to meet their daily fluid and electrolyte needs orally. They are designed to maintain normal hydration and electrolyte balance.
How is the daily maintenance fluid requirement calculated for adults?
For adults, a common method is the “4-2-1 rule”: 4 mL/kg/hr for the first 10 kg of body weight, 2 mL/kg/hr for the next 10 kg, and 1 mL/kg/hr for every kilogram over 20 kg. This provides an hourly rate.
Why are maintenance fluids important?
Maintenance fluids are important to prevent dehydration, replace ongoing insensible fluid losses (e.g., through breathing and skin), and maintain electrolyte balance in patients who cannot drink adequately.
What factors can influence fluid maintenance needs?
Fluid maintenance needs can be influenced by factors such as fever (increases needs), extreme temperatures, increased activity, certain medical conditions (e.g., heart failure, kidney disease), and medications.